J Clin Gynecol Obstet

Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics, ISSN 1927-1271 print, 1927-128X online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Clin Gynecol Obstet and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://jcgo.elmerpub.com

Case Report

Volume 000, Number 000, November 2026, pages 000-000

Migrated Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Associated With Appendicitis

↓ Figure 1. Erect abdominal X-ray. The black arrow shows IUCD in the right iliac fossa region. IUCD: intrauterine contraceptive device.

↓ Figure 2. Intraoperative findings. The black arrow shows the vertical limb of the IUCD embedded with the omentum into the tip of the appendix. IUCD: intrauterine contraceptive device.

↓ Figure 3. Intraoperative findings while performing the dissection. The black arrow shows the horizontal limb of the IUCD embedded in the appendix with the anterior abdominal wall. The grey arrow shows the inflamed appendix attached to the anterior abdominal wall. IUCD: intrauterine contraceptive device.

↓ **Table 1.** Appendiceal Migration of Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices: A Review of Reported Cases
Study	Age of the patient (years)	Parity of the patient	IUCD type/interval since insertion	Operative findings	Presentation	Treatment	Outcome
IUCD: intrauterine contraceptive device.
Sebai et al, 2024 [12]	33	Gravida 4, para 3	Copper T/16 months	Inflamed appendix was having dense adhesions of the IUCD to the mesoappendix. The IUCD was found embedded in the appendix.	Pelvic pain	Laparoscopic appendectomy + IUCD retrieval	Uneventful recovery
Raghavan et al, 2023 [13]	28	Gravida 2, para 2	Copper T/—	The IUCD was located in the abdominal cavity posterior to the ileocecal junction, and its tip was embedded in the tip of the appendix. The surrounding area was edematous while being covered with omentum.	Pain in right iliac fossa	Exploratory laparotomy + appendicectomy	Uneventful recovery
Maree et al, 2022 [10]	30	—	Copper T/3 months	Adhesions between appendix and right adnexa	Severe abdominal pain and nausea	Laparoscopic appendectomy + removal of IUCD and right salpingo-oophorectomy.	Uneventful recovery
Mahgoob et al, 2022 [14]	44	Gravida 7, Para 6	—	Tip of the inflamed appendix was adherent to the right cornua of the uterus. On dissecting the adhesions, it was found that the IUCD had migrated through the appendiceal lumen and was embedded in it.	Pain in right iliac fossa, anorexia, two episodes of vomiting, fever	Laparotomy + IUCD retrieved in the absence of its strings and an appendectomy was done	Uneventful recovery
Zamani et al, 2021 [15]	23	Gravida 1, para 1	Copper T 380 A/—	The IUCD was noted to have perforated the uterus and migrated to the appendiceal serosal surface, where it led to omental adhesion to the colon, without evidence of abscess formation at the site.	Asymptomatic	Laparoscopic converted to mini laparotomy + appendectomy	Uneventful recovery
Uysal et al, 2016 [16]	44	Gravida 3, parity 2	Copper T 380A IUCD/1 year	The IUCD was partially embedded within the right adnexal region and was found to be encased by an inflamed and enlarged appendix.	Abnormal uterine bleeding	Surgical removal of the extrauterine device and appendectomy/handover between teams	Uneventful recovery.
Aliosmanoglu et al, 2011 [17]	35	—	Copper T/10 years	An inflamed appendix was identified. On further dissection, an IUCD was identified lodged transversely within the appendiceal lumen, with its strings extending into the abdominal cavity through the cecum.	Abdominal pain	Appendectomy: strings of IUCD were removed with primary repair of the cecum	Uneventful recovery
Singhal et al, 2010 [18]	22	Gravida 3, para 2	Copper T 380 A/3 years	Copper T was seen coming out of the appendix after separation of the adhesions.	—	Laparoscopy converted to laparotomy + adhesiolysis + appendectomy + bilateral tubal ligation + IUCD retrieval	Uneventful recovery
Chang et al, 2005 [8]	50	Gravida 3, para 3	Multiload Cu 375/18 years	An IUCD was identified posterior to the ileocecal junction, with its tip breaching the distal end of the appendix. The surrounding region appeared edematous and was enveloped by omentum.	Severe lower abdominal pain associated with fever, nausea, and vomiting	Appendectomy and IUCD retrieval	Uneventful recovery
Goldman et al, 1983 [19]	30	Gravida 4, para 4	Lippes Loop/3 years	A large inflammatory mass was palpable in the right lower abdomen, within which the IUCD could be felt. On adhesiolysis, the device was found coiled around the appendix.	Severe abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea	Laparoscopy converted to laparotomy + appendectomy	Uneventful recovery
Carson et al, 1981 [9]	20	Gravida 4, para 4	Copper 7/6 months	The IUCD appeared to have perforated the uterus approximately 1 cm below the proximal ostia of the right fallopian tube. Its strings were embedded within the myometrium, while the main body had traversed transversely through the appendiceal lumen and remained lodged within it.	Right lower abdominal pain radiating to right buttock, nausea, vomiting, fever, and constipation	Surgical removal of a contraceptive device and open appendectomy	—

↓ Table 1. Appendiceal Migration of Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices: A Review of Reported Cases

Study

Age of the patient (years)

Parity of the patient

IUCD type/interval since insertion

Operative findings

Presentation

Treatment

Outcome

IUCD: intrauterine contraceptive device.

Sebai et al, 2024 [12]

Gravida 4, para 3

Copper T/16 months

Inflamed appendix was having dense adhesions of the IUCD to the mesoappendix. The IUCD was found embedded in the appendix.

Pelvic pain

Laparoscopic appendectomy + IUCD retrieval

Uneventful recovery

Raghavan et al, 2023 [13]

Gravida 2, para 2

Copper T/—

The IUCD was located in the abdominal cavity posterior to the ileocecal junction, and its tip was embedded in the tip of the appendix. The surrounding area was edematous while being covered with omentum.

Pain in right iliac fossa

Exploratory laparotomy + appendicectomy

Uneventful recovery

Maree et al, 2022 [10]

—

Copper T/3 months

Adhesions between appendix and right adnexa

Severe abdominal pain and nausea

Laparoscopic appendectomy + removal of IUCD and right salpingo-oophorectomy.

Uneventful recovery

Mahgoob et al, 2022 [14]

Gravida 7, Para 6

—

Tip of the inflamed appendix was adherent to the right cornua of the uterus. On dissecting the adhesions, it was found that the IUCD had migrated through the appendiceal lumen and was embedded in it.

Pain in right iliac fossa, anorexia, two episodes of vomiting, fever

Laparotomy + IUCD retrieved in the absence of its strings and an appendectomy was done

Uneventful recovery

Zamani et al, 2021 [15]

Gravida 1, para 1

Copper T 380 A/—

The IUCD was noted to have perforated the uterus and migrated to the appendiceal serosal surface, where it led to omental adhesion to the colon, without evidence of abscess formation at the site.

Asymptomatic

Laparoscopic converted to mini laparotomy + appendectomy

Uneventful recovery

Uysal et al, 2016 [16]

Gravida 3, parity 2

Copper T 380A IUCD/1 year

The IUCD was partially embedded within the right adnexal region and was found to be encased by an inflamed and enlarged appendix.

Abnormal uterine bleeding

Surgical removal of the extrauterine device and appendectomy/handover between teams

Uneventful recovery.

Aliosmanoglu et al, 2011 [17]

—

Copper T/10 years

An inflamed appendix was identified. On further dissection, an IUCD was identified lodged transversely within the appendiceal lumen, with its strings extending into the abdominal cavity through the cecum.

Abdominal pain

Appendectomy: strings of IUCD were removed with primary repair of the cecum

Uneventful recovery

Singhal et al, 2010 [18]

Gravida 3, para 2

Copper T 380 A/3 years

Copper T was seen coming out of the appendix after separation of the adhesions.

—

Laparoscopy converted to laparotomy + adhesiolysis + appendectomy + bilateral tubal ligation + IUCD retrieval

Uneventful recovery

Chang et al, 2005 [8]

Gravida 3, para 3

Multiload Cu 375/18 years

An IUCD was identified posterior to the ileocecal junction, with its tip breaching the distal end of the appendix. The surrounding region appeared edematous and was enveloped by omentum.

Severe lower abdominal pain associated with fever, nausea, and vomiting

Appendectomy and IUCD retrieval

Uneventful recovery

Goldman et al, 1983 [19]

Gravida 4, para 4

Lippes Loop/3 years

A large inflammatory mass was palpable in the right lower abdomen, within which the IUCD could be felt. On adhesiolysis, the device was found coiled around the appendix.

Severe abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea

Laparoscopy converted to laparotomy + appendectomy

Uneventful recovery

Carson et al, 1981 [9]

Gravida 4, para 4

Copper 7/6 months

The IUCD appeared to have perforated the uterus approximately 1 cm below the proximal ostia of the right fallopian tube. Its strings were embedded within the myometrium, while the main body had traversed transversely through the appendiceal lumen and remained lodged within it.

Right lower abdominal pain radiating to right buttock, nausea, vomiting, fever, and constipation

Surgical removal of a contraceptive device and open appendectomy

—